Etymed
hypersplenism
Definition
A pathological condition characterized by an overactive or enlarged spleen that leads to the excessive destruction of blood cells, particularly red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
Clinical context
A 65-year-old man presents with fatigue, easy bruising, and recurrent infections. Physical examination reveals an enlarged spleen and petechiae on his lower extremities. Laboratory studies show pancytopenia with normal liver function tests. The patient's condition is attributed to hypersplenism secondary to portal hypertension from cirrhosis.
Mnemonic
Hypersplenism = Hyper (enlarged) + Splen (spleen) + Ism (disease) - remember 'HIS' for high destruction of blood cells by an enlarged spleen